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Beit HaMikdash

קודש הקודשים

The innermost space was not a public chamber.

In the Temple service, the Holy of Holies represented the highest degree of sanctity. In the Second Temple period, the High Priest entered it only on Yom Kippur as part of the day's prescribed service.

The Ark, in the First Temple

Tanach prophecy: Stated in the Prophets or the Writings.

Solomon's priests brought the Ark into the innermost room, under the wings of the cherubim. It held the two tablets of stone, and nothing else.

Cherubim and covenant

Torah text: Stated in the Five Books of Moses.

The Torah describes two golden cherubim facing each other over the Ark's cover, and God's promise to meet and speak with Moses from between them.

Absent in the Second Temple

Mishnah / Talmud: Recorded in the Mishnah or Talmud, the rabbinic texts that preserve Temple practice and law.

Rabbinic tradition counts the Ark among five things missing from the Second Temple. The Mishnah records traditions about where it was hidden; the Talmud records a dispute over whether it was hidden or exiled.

The Foundation Stone

Mishnah / Talmud: Recorded in the Mishnah or Talmud, the rabbinic texts that preserve Temple practice and law.

In its place stood a stone from the days of the early prophets, called the shetiyah, three fingerbreadths above the ground. On Yom Kippur the High Priest set the incense pan on it.

The Yom Kippur entry

Mishnah / Talmud: Recorded in the Mishnah or Talmud, the rabbinic texts that preserve Temple practice and law.

Only the High Priest, only on Yom Kippur, only at the time of the service. He passed between the two curtains with incense and coals, and the room filled with smoke. His prayer outside was kept short, so as not to alarm the waiting people.

The future: an open question

Open question: The sources disagree or are silent. The site does not choose an answer.

No source the site relies on says with certainty that the Ark will be found or restored. Jeremiah even foresees a time when people will no longer speak of it or miss it; commentators read that verse in different ways.

The site never depicts the Ark, in any Temple.

וַיֹּאמֶר ה׳ אֶל־מֹשֶׁה דַּבֵּר אֶל־אַהֲרֹן אָחִיךָ וְאַל־יָבֹא בְכָל־עֵת אֶל־הַקֹּדֶשׁ מִבֵּית לַפָּרֹכֶת אֶל־פְּנֵי הַכַּפֹּרֶת אֲשֶׁר עַל־הָאָרֹן וְלֹא יָמוּת כִּי בֶּעָנָן אֵרָאֶה עַל־הַכַּפֹּרֶת׃

and the LORD said unto Moses: ‘Speak unto Aaron thy brother, that he come not at all times into the holy place within the veil, before the ark-cover which is upon the ark; that he die not; for I appear in the cloud upon the ark-cover.
The Holy Scriptures: A New Translation
What is known?Confidence, from primary text to unknown

Established in primary text

  • The room's size and who could enter it.

Classical interpretation

  • Where the Ark went after the First Temple.

Historically supported

Nothing on this page at this level.

Reconstructed

Nothing on this page at this level.

Unknown

  • Whether the Ark will be present in a future Temple.